Traveling waves waves propagate from one place to another. Whether youre talking out loud or texting on your phone, theres going to be a wave transmitting information. The unit is the mks rayl newtoncubic meter u p z 5. A wave can be described as a disturbance that travels through a medium from one location to another location.
Lecture 11 chapter 16 waves i university of virginia. Physics of sound penn state mechanical engineering. The period of class in high school may be 50 minutes. Waves class 11 notes physics mycbseguide cbse papers. Waves a wave is a disturbance that pppg gropagates through space and time, usually with transferrance of energy. This explains why you almost always see the flash of lightning before hearing the crash of the thunder. Echolocation waves can have frequencies of about 100,000 hz. Download revision notes for waves class 11 notes physics and score high in exams. However, the document should not be uploaded to other servers for distribution to andor display by others. The pdf version of the teacher toolkit on the topic of the nature of sound is displayed below. Production of sound sound is produced due to the vibration of objects. Download cbse class 11th revision notes for chapter 15 waves class 11 notes physics in pdf format for free. There are familiar, everyday sorts of waves in water, ropes and springs. Sound a disturbance which propagates through an elastic material at a speed which is characteristic of that material.
Thus the air molecules only move to and fro or forwards and backwards in the direction of travel of the wave. Wave motionis the disturbance, set up in the medium, due to the repeated periodic motion of the particles of the medium and travels from the particle to particle, the particles themselves keep vibrating about their mean positions. Sound waves are longitudinal waves that must pass through a medium. Example the period of the moon circling the earth is 28 days. In a solid, a sound wave can be either longitudinal or transverse. Revision notes for science chapter sound class 8th. Part 2 wave motion and sound the general discussion of wave motion is important because the ideas of wave propagation are ubiquitous. Transverse waves water waves, waves on a string or spring, seismic waves, and electromagnetic waves.
Because of the central role played by sound in speech communication, it is important to have a good. Depending upon the vibrations, a sound is produced. This article is an introduction to the physics of waves as it relates to sound propagation. Learn the fundamentals of waves and sound in this unit. A sound wave is both the end product of the speech production mechanism and the primary source of raw material used by the listener to recover the speakers message.
The physics classroom grants teachers and other users the right to print this pdf document and to download this pdf document for private use. Mechanical waves and sound powerpoint notes sound waves. The diagram above shows the side view of a sound wave. In nearly all areas of science and therefore real life energy is transferred via the vibrations that make up waves. Class 11 physics revision notes for chapter 15 waves. Notes on oscillations and mechanical waves periodic motion. Class 11 physics revision notes for chapter 15 waves free pdf download. Sound waves in air are created by making a surface vibrate so it sends compression waves through the surrounding air. Sound is a longitudinal wave produced by a vibrating source that causes regular variations in. Characteristics of wave the characteristics of waves are as follows.
Sound waves, seismic waves and waves on strings are known as mechanical waves. A sound wave is an air pressure disturbance that results from vibration. The minimum distance from a sound reflecting surface to hear an echo is 16. While it does not require a background in physics to understand, it is assumed that the reader has at least high school level linear algebra, calculus, and trigonometry. Even more important, though only touched on in this book, is the wave phenomenon of quantum mechanics, built into the fabric of our space and time. The wave equation outline of mechanical waves longitudinal and transverse waves waves in a string, sound waves the wave equation description of waves using functions of two variables travelling waves the wave equation 0 y v y 1. Other magnets produced artificially by man are called artificia l magnets.
Period definition the time required to complete a single cycle. Sound waves revision notes learn igcse physics oxnotes. The notes available here are great for revision and studying on the go. Although alice move with speed v relative to bob, she notes the same speed. The nature of waves summary the physics hypertextbook. Sound waves are longitudinal waves, and so the particles move back and forth parallel to the direction of the wave. Lessons lecture notes the physics classroom conceptual waves. From source to detector sound from an instrument to ear cell phone to cell tower and vice versa em waves water waves a disturbance in the water moves outward. Sound waves can only travel through a solid, liquid or gas. Infrasound is sound waves that have frequencies below the lower limit of the humans range of audibility.
The repetition of sound caused by the reflection of sound waves is called an echo. Sound is caused by vibrations, of the front of a violin. Periodic waves are reflected and inverted and interfere with one another creating standing waves. Preface these are the lecture notes provided for physics 224, the physics of music, taught at mcgill university in fall 2006. Sound waves in air and under water are longitudinal. Powered by create your own unique website with customizable templates. Lodestone is the only known natural magnet which was discovered by the chinese 2,000 years ago. Every attempt has been made to explain the concepts. We will start with periodic motion for the rst two lectures, with our speci c examples being the motion of a mass attached to the end of a spring, and the pendulum.
Transverse waves have vibrations perpendicular to the direction of travel e. While a mechanical wave exists in a medium which on deformation is capable of producing elastic restoring forces waves ofproducing elastic restoring forces, waves of electromagnetic radiation and probably gravitational. There are less visible but equally pervasive sound waves and electromagnetic waves. Light, water waves and waves on a string are examples of transverse waves. Waves class 11 notes physics chapter 15 waves wave is a form of disturbance which travels through a material medium due to the repeated f periodic motion of the particles of the medium about their mean positions without any actual transportation of matter. Physics notes form 2 free download kcse revision notes pdf. Vibration can be described as a back and forth motion of an object. To distinguish this from the motion of transverse waves see the previous section, the places in the wave pattern that are stationary, while the rest of the medium moves back and forth, are called displacement nodes. Gcse revision notes physics revision notes waves 1.
Where do sounds come from sounds are produced by vibrating or oscillating objects. Waves that pass through a substance are vibrations which pass through that substance. The sound energy is transferred from one molecule to another and so travels along the wave. Because the range of sound intensities is so wide, it.
A sound is a form of energy that is produced when air molecules vibrate in a particular pattern called waves. Lessons lecture notes the physics classroom conceptual. Sound waves are longitudinal waves that must pass through a medium, such as air. Sound is a longitudinal wave produced by a vibrating source that causes regular variations in air pressure p in diagram above. Magnets are substances that are able to attract and hold items. Gce o level physics notes mini physics learn physics. To study the properties of common waves waves on strings, sound waves, and light waves. If this is too basic for you, you can read up on a level physics equivalent to advanced placement most of the topics have multiplechoice questions mcqs quiz.
Previous equilibrium and centre of gravity form 2 physics notes hookes law form 2 physics notes next. Problem set 6 pdf problem solving help video electromagnetic. Mechanical waves and sound powerpoint notes free download as powerpoint presentation. Longitudinal waves well, the best example would be sound waves, but you saw them on springs as well. They were written by the instructor in fall 2005 and represent a. Note that the pressure waveform takes on a high value during instants of compression. A sinusoidal wave of frequency 500 hz has a speed of 350 ms. The physics of waves version date february 15, 2015. Examples of wave motion include waves on strings, water waves, seismic waves. Sound lies at the very center of speech communication. To register physics tuitions on to clear your doubts.
The document covers class 12 physics notes on sound waves containing top concepts like wave motion, mechanical wave motion, progressive wave, superposition principle, stationary waves etc. Aipmt neet physics waves and sound mcq practice sample papers problems free pdf download with solution 2017 2018. Electromagnetic wavestheory allen physics download pdf. Properties of sound waves sound waves travel at about 340 ms in the air much slower than the speed of light. Thanks for these notes but can you plz make all into a single zip pdf it might do a great help for all jee aspirants. Swanson will have shown you a lovely demonstration of these two types of waves. The o level physics content here is equivalent to the physics required to obtain american high school diploma. Download allen kota physics chapterwise notes and problems with solutions all jee mainsadvance study materials available to download for free.
Waves are responsible for basically every form of communication we use. Notes on oscillations and mechanical waves the topics for the second part of our physics class this quarter will be oscillations and waves. These notes are combined with chapter 14 oscillations. A wave is a disturbance that propagates through space. Their vibrations occur in the same direction as the direction of travel. Sound is usually caused by radiation from a solid vibrating surface or fluid disturbances. Ncert cbse notes for class 9 science physics chapter 12 sound. All other selfstudy revision notes are also available for download, free of charge. Vibration is the rapid to and fro motion of an object. Revision notes on waves and sound waves askiitians. While a mechanical wave exists in a medium which on deformation is capable of producing elastic restoring forces waves ofproducing elastic restoring forces, waves of. Icse class 10 physics revision notes chapter 7 sound. There is energy transport the disturbance propagates, but there is no net transfer of mass no.
1558 1070 901 1396 211 963 1178 509 394 498 686 610 214 1288 957 626 245 1541 517 775 1127 530 1043 436 23 952 912 1030 781 1017 1105 1002 700 70 1458